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	<title>Nelson Crafting &#187; 学习</title>
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		<title>全A方法：怎样在大学里拿A</title>
		<link>http://nelsonz.info/2009/04/07/%e5%85%a8a%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%ef%bc%9a%e6%80%8e%e6%a0%b7%e5%9c%a8%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%87%8c%e6%8b%bfa/</link>
		<comments>http://nelsonz.info/2009/04/07/%e5%85%a8a%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%ef%bc%9a%e6%80%8e%e6%a0%b7%e5%9c%a8%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%87%8c%e6%8b%bfa/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 07 Apr 2009 07:51:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>nelson</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[翻译]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[学习]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[作者：Cal Newport 译者：nelson 链接：http://calnewport.com/blog/2009/03/09/the-straight-a-method-how-to-ace-college-courses/ 去年 我介绍了全A方法（Straight-A Method）：它是一个所有在那本红书和这个博客里出现过的战术性学习建议的通用框架。和那时相比很多东西都改变了，所以在这篇日志里我将描述这个Study Hacks的真经的一个新的改进版本。 全A方法 全A方法由四根支柱支撑：获取，把握，计划，进展。每根支柱都关系到作为一个学生你应该为之奋斗的高级目标。我可以向你保证：如果你达到了这些目标——不管你用何种具体的策略或系统——你会拿到A的。本博客和那本红书所提供的所有建议（即在tips分类中的每一篇文章）都支撑了这四根支柱中的一根或多根。 下面我将描述每一个柱子，并且提供一些示范性的建议，让你踏上通向实现这些目标的道路。 一号支柱：获取 你必须获取、组织并经常温习你作为学生的所有职责。这不仅包括学术上的（例如考试时间和作业时间）和行政上的（例如申请的截止日期和课外活动的要求）。 把所有的东西都摆出来也许比较吓人，但它对于把握你的生活十分重要。它提供了制定良好计划所需的基础，并且消除了混乱导致的有毒的压力。 对于完成这个目标的一些示范性建议： Getting Things Done for College Students…Made Easy Follow a Sunday Ritual A Time Management System for Students Who Are Terrible at Time Management… How to &#8230; <a href="http://nelsonz.info/2009/04/07/%e5%85%a8a%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%ef%bc%9a%e6%80%8e%e6%a0%b7%e5%9c%a8%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%87%8c%e6%8b%bfa/">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&#8594;</span></a><table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="0"  style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>作者：Cal Newport    <br />译者：nelson     <br />链接：<a title="http://calnewport.com/blog/2009/03/09/the-straight-a-method-how-to-ace-college-courses/" href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2009/03/09/the-straight-a-method-how-to-ace-college-courses/">http://calnewport.com/blog/2009/03/09/the-straight-a-method-how-to-ace-college-courses/</a></p>
<p><em><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/01/25/the-straight-a-method-a-simple-framework-for-conquering-college/">去年</a> 我介绍了全A方法（Straight-A Method）：它是一个所有在<a href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/0767922719?tag=stuhac-20&amp;camp=14573&amp;creative=327641&amp;linkCode=as1&amp;creativeASIN=0767922719&amp;adid=1JSK36B470NEZD6YCK6S&amp;">那本红书</a></em><em>和这个博客里出现过的战术性学习建议的通用框架。和那时相比很多东西都改变了，所以在这篇日志里我将描述这个Study Hacks的真经的一个新的改进版本。</em></p>
<p><img alt="The Straight-A Method" src="http://calnewport.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/sam2.png" /></p>
<p><strong>全A方法</strong></p>
<p>全A方法由四根支柱支撑：<em>获取，把握，计划，进展</em>。每根支柱都关系到作为一个学生你应该为之奋斗的高级目标。我可以向你保证：<strong>如果你达到了这些目标——不管你用何种具体的策略或系统——你会拿到A的。</strong>本博客和<a href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/0767922719?tag=stuhac-20&amp;camp=14573&amp;creative=327641&amp;linkCode=as1&amp;creativeASIN=0767922719&amp;adid=1YVY8PXH38PE0GDTXNEX&amp;">那本红书</a>所提供的所有建议（即在tips分类中的每一篇文章）都支撑了这四根支柱中的一根或多根。</p>
<p><em>下面我将描述每一个柱子，并且提供一些示范性的建议，让你踏上通向实现这些目标的道路。</em></p>
<p><strong>一号支柱：获取</strong></p>
<p>你必须获取、组织并经常温习你作为学生的<em>所有</em>职责。这不仅包括<em>学术</em>上的（例如考试时间和作业时间）和<em>行政</em>上的（例如申请的截止日期和课外活动的要求）。</p>
<p>把<em>所有</em>的东西都摆出来也许比较吓人，但它对于把握你的生活十分重要。它提供了制定良好计划所需的基础，并且消除了混乱导致的有毒的压力。</p>
<p><strong>对于完成这个目标的一些示范性建议：</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/10/06/monday-master-class-getting-things-done-for-college-studentsmade-easy/">Getting Things Done for College Students…Made Easy</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2007/09/26/follow-a-sunday-ritual/">Follow a Sunday Ritual</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2007/09/19/a-time-management-system-for-students-who-are-terrible-at-time-management-and-tend-to-hate-it-more-than-slow-torture-involving-electrical-current-and-sensitive-anatomy/">A Time Management System for Students Who Are Terrible at Time Management…</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/10/20/monday-master-class-how-to-stave-off-stress-with-a-mid-semester-dash/">How to Stave Off Stress with a Mid-Semester Dash</a><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/category/tips-time-management-scheduling-productivity/">        <br /></a></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>二号支柱：把握</strong></p>
<p>把握好你的工作时间表。在短期上：计划每天何时工作、做些什么。在长期上：将大的工作分成小部分，规定出来哪天做哪部分。不要把<em>任何</em>工作留在你周到安排的时间表之外。</p>
<p>有两种大学生。一种是那些被工作折腾得半死不活的学生，总是在一个又一个海市蜃楼般的最后期限中跳来跳去。另外一种学生把工作有效地放在周密的时间表里，让他们按自己的步伐完成工作。为了你自己，努力成为第二种吧。</p>
<p><strong>对于完成这个目标的一些示范性建议：</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2007/12/03/monday-master-class-dont-plan-your-day-with-a-to-do-list/">Don’t Use a Daily To-Do List</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/04/07/monday-master-class-how-to-reduce-stress-and-get-more-done-by-building-an-autopilot-schedule/">How to Reduce Stress and Get More Done By Building an Autopilot Schedule</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/03/24/monday-master-class-pulverize-large-assignments-with-the-ess-method/">Pulverize Large Assignments with the ESS Method</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/09/22/monday-master-class-the-retreating-deadline-method/">The Retreating Deadline Method</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/03/10/monday-master-class-choose-your-hard-days/">Choose Your Hard Days</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/02/15/fixed-schedule-productivity-how-i-accomplish-a-large-amount-of-work-in-a-small-number-of-work-hours/">Fixed Schedule Productivity: How I Accomplish a Large Amount of Work in a Small Number of Work Hours</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/01/21/monday-master-class-how-to-use-time-arbitrage-to-maximize-your-productivity-profit/">How to Use Time Arbitrage to Maximize Your Productivity Profit</a> </li>
</ul>
<p><strong>三号支柱：计划 </strong></p>
<p>永远别说“学习”。这个词太模糊了，而且往往与一些由愧疚和你觉得学习<em>应该</em>是怎样的感觉（例如疲劳的、乏味的、痛苦的）导致的情感含义有关。以后做事的时候千万别再说什么“写一篇论文”、“做一套题”或者“读一篇文章”。<em>这些词太模糊了！</em></p>
<p>相反地，你应该跟住一个基于具体行动的具体计划来做。当你跟着计划完成这些行动时，你就完成任务了。不必再在深夜读书或是重新读笔记一直到你觉得你总算还清学习上的债了。把事情具体化。然后就搞定了。</p>
<p>把你的工作简化到一个由具体行动组织的具体计划中可以使你的工作合理化，提高效率，同时避免所谓的<a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2007/07/26/the-straight-a-gospels-pseudo-work-does-not-equal-work/">伪工作</a>以及愧疚感。</p>
<p><strong>对于完成这个目标的一些示范性建议：</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/04/29/my-world-famous-mechanical-exam-prep-process/">My World Famous Mechanical Exam Prep Process</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2007/09/17/monday-master-class-drizzle-test-preperation-over-many-days/">Drizzle Test Preparation Over Many Days</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2007/09/04/monday-master-class-use-technical-explanation-questions-when-studying-for-technical-classes/">Use Technical Explanation Questions When Studying for Technical Classes</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2007/09/24/monday-master-class-use-focused-question-clusters-to-study-for-multiple-choice-tests/">Use Focused Question Clustes to Study for Multiple Choice Tests</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2007/10/03/the-art-of-stealth-studying-how-to-earn-a-40-with-only-10-hours-of-work/">Stealth Studying: How to Earn a 4.0 With Only 1.0 Hours of Work</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/11/14/how-to-ace-calculus-the-art-of-doing-well-in-technical-courses/">How to Ace Calculus</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/?p=138">How to Solve Hard Problem Sets Without Staying Up All Night</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/02/18/monday-master-class-rapid-note-taking-with-the-morse-code-method/">Rapid Note-Taking with the Morse Code Method</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2007/11/05/monday-master-class-how-to-use-a-flat-outline-to-write-outstanding-papers-fast/">How to Use a Flat Outline to Write Outstanding Papers, Fast</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/09/08/monday<br />
-master-class-the-paperback-writer-method/">The Paperback Writer Method</a> </li>
</ul>
<p><strong>四号支柱：进展</strong></p>
<p>没有人第一次就能把事情做好。就算是最细致调校的学习习惯也会被学生生活中无法预期的现实搞得很紧张。接受现实。不断地重新评估和微调你的策略。保留所有有效的。舍弃其他无效的。尝试未知的新事物。每次考试、每篇论文、每套练习题之后，问问自己：哪些有效？又有哪些下次可以做得更好（更快）？</p>
<p>这种达尔文式的方法是保证所有这些建议有效的基本架构。你在非常短的时间内，你将会把你的习惯发展得适合你所处的情况以及你的个性。这种评估、修补的过程是达到你的完美体系的<em>唯一</em>途径。</p>
<p><strong>对于完成这个目标的一些示范性建议：</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/02/04/monday-master-class-how-to-peform-a-post-exam-post-mortem/">How to Perform a Post-Exam Post-Mortem</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/12/31/case-study-how-tyler-aced-a-difficult-course/">Case Study: How Tyler Aced a Difficult Course</a> </li>
<li><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2007/11/14/the-unconventional-scholar-ignore-your-gpa/">Ignore Your G.P.A.</a><a href="http://calnewport.com/blog/2008/10/20/monday-master-class-how-to-stave-off-stress-with-a-mid-semester-dash/">        <br /></a></li>
</ul>
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